President Abraham Lincoln delivered his historic Gettysburg Address at the dedication of the Soldiers' National Cemetery in Pennsylvania. The 272-word speech redefined the purpose of the Civil War and American democratic ideals.
An Indian politician and the first female Prime Minister of India, known for her centralization of power and strong leadership during periods of significant national change.
NASA's Apollo 12 mission successfully landed on the Moon's Ocean of Storms. Astronauts Charles 'Pete' Conrad and Alan Bean conducted two moonwalks and retrieved parts from the Surveyor 3 probe.